Labor Market Opportunity Cost Pull
Broad expansion in low-skill formal export manufacturing jobs substantially raised the probability of quitting upper secondary school for youth on the dropout margin at age 16.
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Broad expansion in low-skill formal export manufacturing jobs substantially raised the probability of quitting upper secondary school for youth on the dropout margin at age 16.
Targeted and untargeted cash scholarship interventions produced a precisely estimated null effect (0 percentage point impact) on high school graduation rates.
42% of two-year public college starters drop out or fail to earn credentials within six years; 90% of debt defaulters leave without a degree; 71% cite full-time work requirements as the primary reason for dropping out.