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Providing rainfall index insurance increased the probability of planting cash crops by 6 percentage points (p = 0.041) on the extensive margin, but caused no measurable change in input investments among producers already in the top distribution tier of cash crop farming.
Winning 1M SEK reduces labor force participation probability by 2.015 percentage points (2.6% relative drop, p < 0.001); for workers aged 50+, a 1M SEK prize increases early retirement pension uptake by only 0.246 percentage points, which is statistically insignificant (p = 0.603), confirming strong participation inertia around standard institutional retirement ages (modal age 65).
Across the full sample, remittance labeling caused a statistically significant increase on the extensive margin of sending at least one weekly remittance (+0.007 probability, p < 0.10), while the effect on total weekly winsorized remittance amount (-29.78 PhP, p > 0.10) and total remittance index (+0.013, p > 0.10) was statistically non-significant.
Insurance provision drove investment increases strictly on the extensive margin (shifting non-cash-crop farmers to positive production, p = 0.041) with a discrete jump once positive planting occurred, but had zero impact on the intensive margin for top-tier producers.
Arc elasticity of labor participation (extensive margin) with respect to the piece rate is 0.58, whereas the elasticity of daily output quantity (intensive margin) with respect to the piece rate is only 0.06 (controlling for reservation rates).
While tangible provider consequences reduced the overall probability of a patient filing a complaint by 7.4 to 10.3 percentage points (extensive margin), conditional on filing a complaint, patients increased complaint severity by sending 1.053 additional frowning cards in Peer Disclosure (p < 0.05) and 0.771 additional cards in Monetary Penalty (p < 0.05), representing a 33% to 44% increase over the control mean of 2.436 cards.
Insurance provision had no statistically significant effect on total land under cultivation (point estimate 0.029, p > 0.10) or total market value of all agricultural inputs used (point estimate 0.082, p > 0.10), acting entirely through compositional reallocation toward cash crops.