Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Estimation Framework
Estimated overall ITT remittance probability increase of +0.007 (p < 0.10) across all treatment-assigned migrants, preventing self-selection bias from confounding the experimental estimates.
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Estimated overall ITT remittance probability increase of +0.007 (p < 0.10) across all treatment-assigned migrants, preventing self-selection bias from confounding the experimental estimates.
Randomized sorting ensured baseline equivalence between groups, establishing that sectoral programs causally increased 2-year earnings by $4,500 in SEIS (18% increase, p < 0.01), 5-year earnings by $2,716 in WorkAdvance (11.5% increase, p < 0.01), and 11-year earnings by $4,616 in Project QUEST (15% increase, p < 0.01).
Randomized assignment isolated the direct causal impact of management practices, proving an estimated annual profit increase of US$325,000 per treatment plant.