Improving Female Labor Force Participation through Flexible, Internet-mediated Gig Work in India

Original source

secondary evaluation summary · J-PAL

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Baseline Ideological Selection Effect in Labor Uptake

"Women who had less traditional gender attitudes at baseline were more likely to take up any job offer than women with more traditional views."

Flexibility Productivity Penalty

"Women who started with an office job and were given the upgrade to work flexibly and accepted produced 19 percent less per minute compared to women who were not selected for the upgrade."

Intergenerational Gender Norm Socialization

"Children over 12 years old whose mothers were assigned any job became 0.1 standard deviations less traditional whereas the attitudes of younger children did not change."

Intra-Household Employment Gatekeeping

"Male figures played a large role in whether women work, with only 36 percent of women reporting they had the final say over having a paid job."

Spatial Locational vs Temporal Hour Flexibility Decomposition

"This increase was primarily due to the ability to work from home and multitask with childcare, rather than work flexible hours."

Micro-Task Smartphone Crowdsourcing Compensation Model

"Women were paid approximately INR 1 (US$0.013 in 2021) per completed task with the ability to earn up to INR 4,000 ($52 USD) over the course of the intervention."

Sequential Labor Stepping-Stone Dynamics

"When women were offered a job ten weeks later those who were originally assigned to a more flexible job were 6 percentage points more likely to take it up than women who did not previously hold a more flexible job."