Do Traditional Institutions Constrain Female Entrepreneurship? A Field Experiment on Business Training in India

Original source

Erica Field; Seema Jayachandran; Rohini Pande

Do Traditional Institutions Constrain Female Entrepreneurship? A Field Experiment on Business Training in India (2010)

journal article

Permission for School’s use is unestablished.

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Training-Induced Credit Demand Activation

"Thus, another view is that the primary barrier to female entrepreneurial success is limited demand for rather than supply of credit, with poor women lacking high-return means of expanding their businesses."

Aspiration-Driven Goal Setting and Intra-Household Business Dialogue

"Further supporting these results, we find that training led UCs but not other women to talk more frequently with family members about business plans."

Kinship Property Protection and Female Seclusion

"Because Muslim women are entitled to a share in family real estate, controlling their relationships with males outside the family can be crucial to the maintenance of family property and prestige."

Multidimensional Norm Indexing in Caste Hierarchies

"SC women face the fewest restrictions, followed by UC and Muslim women. UCs are 50% more likely to face severe social restrictions as SCs, and Muslims, in turn, have over twice the rate of severe restrictions as UCs."

Non-Monotonic Responsiveness to Gender Norm Restrictions

"We interpret these patterns as suggestive of a non-monotonic relationship between social restrictions and the ability to benefit from business training."

Video-Based Peer Modeling in Financial Literacy Pedagogy

"The aspirations component included a short film showcasing successful SEWA members who used good financial practices to bring themselves out of poverty."

Ritual Purity Norms and Female Labor Seclusion

"Premised on men being a source of pollution, restrictions are placed on women to limit contact with men other than their husbands... These norms particularly the latter two significantly restrict female labor force participation."

Sanskritization Constraint on Female Economic Emancipation

"If, instead, modernization heightens sanskritization - the desire of lower castes to emulate upper castes and SCs increasingly adopt the gender norms of UCs, then economic growth may fail to emancipate women to the same extent."

Social Restriction-Driven Program Take-Up Heterogeneity

"SCs, the least restricted group, were nearly one third more likely to attend the training than Muslims and UCs."