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Intensification of the policy regime increased unemployment exit rates by 20% to 40% (a 20–22% time-invariant overall increase), reducing average unemployment duration by 2.2 weeks (approximately 15%). The perceived risk of activation accounted for the job-finding increase, whereas actual program participation exhibited zero or negative direct impacts.
Having temporary or informal work after 1 year showed zero statistically significant correlation with 4-year earnings compared to remaining unemployed. Short-run permanent work status accounted for 23% and short-run earnings accounted for 56% of the total 4-year earnings treatment effect.
The callback ratio favoring English-named applicants over foreign-named applicants remained virtually unchanged across skill deciles, ranging from 1.4 to 1.9 for low-language jobs like Computer Programmer (12.7% vs 9.3% callback) up to high-language jobs like Community Counselor (16.2% vs 9.5% callback).
The workshop increased 4-year earnings by 20% (USD 10 per month) above the control mean at a one-off cost of USD 18.20 per person [1, 9]. It increased short-run permanent employment by 6.9 percentage points (a nearly 60% increase over the 12% control mean) and increased job tenure duration by 10% [10-12].
64% of youth searched specifically for permanent jobs (versus 11% seeking temporary work), work stability was the second most cited desirable job characteristic (20.4% versus 6.7% for working hours), and only 5.4% cited starting a business as a reason for non-search.