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Administrative linkage secured 100% verified annual earnings histories across 13 consecutive years per individual, confirming pre-lottery earnings parallel trends between nonwinners ($15,600 to $18,000) and winners ($12,000 to $14,500) while eliminating recall measurement bias.
Because 90% of high school graduates sit for the ICFES exam, registration served as a high-precision proxy for high school completion, revealing that vocational voucher winners were 5 to 6 percentage points (a 25% relative increase) more likely to complete secondary school than losers.
Applying a three-tiered matching protocol (ID alone, ID and city, ID and name) recovered match rates ranging from 18.8% to 25.5% among vocational applicants, establishing a statistically significant 4.9 to 6.1 percentage point increase in examination participation for voucher winners.