Health

23findings0stories

The findings

Baseline Reciprocity Predictor of Real-World AbsenteeismHealth workers who were consistently reciprocal in the baseline Trust Game (always returning a returned-received ratio >= 1 regardless of amount received) were significantly less likely to be absent during unannounced visits (38% absence rate for high-reciprocity public workers vs. 61% for low-reciprocity workers, p < 0.05), proving that lab-in-the-field game choices mirror real-world workplace effort.RCT Absence of Behavioral Licensing in Sexual Health EducationTreatment students showed no statistically significant differences in sexual initiation (-0.003, p > 0.10), sexual frequency (0.212, p > 0.10), or partner count (-0.009, p > 0.10) compared to control groups, despite a 55% increase in condom voucher redemptions.RCT Bundled Gynecological Counseling InterventionFindings on frequency of visits, contraceptive method preferences, and overall adoption rates are ongoing and forthcoming through May 2027.RCT Bundled Psychiatric Care and Livelihoods AssistanceCombined PC/LA reduced depression symptoms by 0.26 standard deviations and sustained improvements post-program, proving 3.5 times more effective while costing only 5 percent more than standalone PC (US$232 versus US$221 per individual).RCT Community-Based Pharmacotherapy for DepressionPsychiatric Care reduced depression symptoms by 0.14 standard deviations during treatment, but decreased participants' work time by 5.4 hours per week (a 10 percent reduction) during the intervention without increasing earnings.RCT Cross-Subsidized Health Commodity DistributionWater treatment knowledge rose from 37.3% to 41.4% (11% increase), zinc knowledge for diarrhea treatment rose from 22.7% to 26.3% (16% increase), malaria etiology knowledge rose from 7.1% to 9.8% (38% increase), and water treatment behavior reached 81.2% versus 77.4% in comparison villages.RCT Entrepreneurial Community Health Promoter ModelUnder-five child mortality decreased by 27% (48.5 vs. 68.4 deaths per 1,000 births), infant mortality decreased by 33% (32.4 vs. 49.7 per 1,000), and neonatal mortality fell by 28% (24.1 vs. 33.4 per 1,000) at an average cost of $65 per year of life saved.RCT STI Prevention Benefit-Cost OptimizationMarginal course delivery cost was $14.60 per student ($10 remote tutor, $2.10 platform, $2.50 hardware depreciation); $1,000 spent averts 2.20 STIs, yielding a cost per averted STI of $455 against a monetary benefit of $785 per averted STI (Benefit-to-Cost Ratio = 1.72).RCT Human Rights-Based Sexual Health EducationSix months post-intervention, treated students showed a 0.25 SD increase in sexual violence knowledge (p < 0.01) and a 0.26 SD increase in attitudes supporting the reporting of sexual abuse to authorities or medical professionals (p < 0.01).RCT Scalable Internet-Based Sexual Health CurriculumGenerated a 0.38 standard deviation improvement in overall sexual knowledge (p < 0.01) and a 0.17 standard deviation improvement in sexual attitudes (p < 0.01) six months post-course.RCT Cost-Effectiveness of Incentivized Health DeliveryThe average cost per year of life saved by Community Health Promoters was US$65 in 2013, compared to baseline cost-effectiveness estimates for volunteer-based health programs ranging from US$82 to US$3,396 per year of life saved.RCT Absence of Within-School Cross-Classroom SpilloversSpillover students exhibited non-significant knowledge improvements of 0.015 SD at 1 week and 0.011 SD at 6 months, and non-significant attitude changes of 0.026 SD at 1 week and 0.022 SD at 6 months compared to pure control schools.RCT Lay-Delivered WHO Problem Management Plus (PM+)Trained senior mentors lead weekly CBT sessions and assign behavioral homework tasks, such as conversing with two unfamiliar coworkers during lunch breaks; empirical evaluation results are forthcoming.RCT Monetary Incentive and Travel Distance Elasticity in Health Result Acquisition78.2% of respondents received a non-zero incentive averaging $1.016 (SD $0.897) at an average distance of 1.993 km (SD 1.242 km), resulting in 72.9% overall individual results retrieval rate (72.3% village-level mean, SD 0.186).RCT Peer Disclosure Accountability MechanismPeer Disclosure increased provider reciprocity (returned-received ratio) by 42 percentage points relative to the Complaint Box control (p = 0.048 wild bootstrap), representing a 40% increase over the control mean of 1.039, performing as effectively as direct Monetary Penalties (33 percentage point increase).RCT Differential Belief Persistence Between Personal and Peer Health InformationWhile individual status learning effects decay within two years (Thornton 2012), community-level testing information produces statistically significant downward belief adjustments and condom reductions two years post-intervention (p < 0.01).Observational Study Pre-Sexual Debut Curriculum Timing StrategyDelivering the curriculum to mostly inexperienced 15-year-olds produced a 0.38 SD increase in overall sexual knowledge, a 0.17 SD increase in positive attitudes, and a 55% increase in condom voucher redemption without increasing self-reported sexual activity rates.RCT Health Knowledge and Behavior AugmentationUntreated water knowledge grew by 11% (41.4% vs 37.3%), zinc knowledge for diarrhea grew by 16% (26.3% vs 22.7%), malaria etiology knowledge grew by 38% (9.8% vs 7.1%), water treatment behavior reached 81.2% vs 77.4%, net usage reached 45.3% vs 40.2%, and oral rehydration salts/zinc treatment reached 38.1% vs 32.8%.RCT Private Utility vs. Public Health Externality Trade-OffReductions in condom use following community HIV status learning increase individual utility by eliminating safe-sex disutility, but increase overall disease transmission risk in high HIV-prevalence regions.Expert Theory Treatment-Induced Work Time ReductionParticipants in the standalone Psychiatric Care group reduced work time by 5.4 hours per week (a 10 percent decrease) during the intervention, with no statistically significant increase in overall earnings.RCT Public-Private Sector Motivation HeterogeneityPublic sector providers exhibited significantly higher baseline reciprocity (returning 144% of transfers on average vs 100% for private providers, p = 0.019) and responded strongly to Peer Disclosure (p < 0.01), whereas private sector providers showed no significant behavioral change under Peer Disclosure (interaction coefficient = -0.632, p = 0.004).RCT Unmet Need for Contraceptive AutonomyState data revealed 48% of married women aged 15-49 were unsterilized, 28% of whom used no contraception despite wanting fewer children; women reported wanting 1.6 children but had 1.99, producing a rural fertility gap of 0.43 children per woman.Observational Study Lay-Delivered WHO PM+ Intervention in ManufacturingProgram evaluation is actively ongoing; baseline data shows loneliness among young migrant factory workers is as severe as levels in older adults aged 32 to 47 and chronically ill individuals.RCT